The pace you need
A sub-3 marathon needs 6:51 per mile or 4:15 per kilometer for 42.2 km, which is the pace of a 1:30 half marathon held for twice the distance.
| Measure | Per mile | Per km |
|---|---|---|
| Pace to hold | 6:51 | 4:15 |
| Finish at that pace | 2:59:36 | 2:59:20 |
| Exact pace | 6:51.9 | 4:15.95 |
| Speed | 8.7 mph | 14.1 km/h |
| Halfway at even pace | 1:30:00 | |
The paces to hold are rounded down to the second, so holding them gets you home on the goal or just inside it. Finish times are rounded up to the next whole second, as road race results are.
Checkpoint times
What your watch should read at each marker for an even-paced race, and for a plan where the second half is 2% faster than the first. A 2% negative split means going through halfway in 1:30:55 and running the second half in 1:29:05.
| Checkpoint | Even pace | 2% negative split |
|---|---|---|
| 5 km | 21:20 | 21:43 |
| 10 km | 42:40 | 43:19 |
| 15 km | 1:03:59 | 1:04:49 |
| 10 miles | 1:08:39 | 1:09:31 |
| 20 km | 1:25:19 | 1:26:13 |
| Halfway | 1:30:00 | 1:30:55 |
| 25 km | 1:46:39 | 1:47:32 |
| 30 km | 2:07:59 | 2:08:43 |
| 20 miles | 2:17:18 | 2:17:58 |
| 35 km | 2:29:18 | 2:29:49 |
| 40 km | 2:50:38 | 2:50:49 |
| Finish | 3:00:00 | 3:00:00 |
How to pace a sub-3 marathon
- Go through halfway in 1:29:30 to 1:30:00. A 1:28 first half spends energy you will want after 32 km.
- Race-day fueling matters at this pace. Use the same drinks and gels you trained with.
- From 32 km, count down kilometers rather than up. Each one at 4:15 is banked.
Want the numbers on your wrist? The pace band generator prints a strip with the elapsed time at every kilometer or mile.
Training paces for this goal
A sub-3 marathon scores a VDOT of about 53.5 on the scale from Jack Daniels’ Running Formula. These are the training paces that go with that score, using Daniels’ intensities: easy running at 59 to 74% of VO2 max, threshold at 88% and intervals at 97.5%.
| Session | Per mile | Per km |
|---|---|---|
| EasyMost of your weekly running, including long runs | 7:27 to 8:56 | 4:38 to 5:33 |
| MarathonSteady segments of long runs | 6:52 | 4:16 |
| ThresholdTempo runs of about 20 minutes, or cruise intervals | 6:29 | 4:01 |
| IntervalRepeats of 3 to 5 minutes with jog recovery | 5:58 | 3:42 |
Train at the paces for the fitness you have now, not the goal. If your recent races are slower, use the VO2 max calculator with a recent result and move to these paces as your races improve.
16-week sub-3 marathon training plan
Built on the training paces above: 6 runs a week, a peak week of 87.3 km and a longest run of 35 km. Paces start two VDOT points below the goal and move up to goal pace over three phases, with a half marathon tune-up in week 12 and a two-week taper before race day.
It suits you if
- You run about 6 times a week, around 58 km in total.
- Your longest run in the last month is at least 16 km.
- A recent race of about 1:29:10 for the half marathon or 40:17 for the 10K. The paces start there and move up to the goal pace.
Week 1 and a week from the build phase, free
| Day | Session | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Mon | Easy 8 km4:46 to 5:44 /km | 8 km5 mi |
| Tue | Easy 8 km4:46 to 5:44 /km, then 6 × 20 s strides | 8 km5 mi |
| Wed | Easy 8 km4:46 to 5:44 /km | 8 km5 mi |
| Thu | Easy 8 km4:46 to 5:44 /km, then 6 × 20 s strides | 8 km5 mi |
| Fri | Rest | |
| Sat | Easy 8 km4:46 to 5:44 /km | 8 km5 mi |
| Sun | Long run 18 kmEasy, 4:46 to 5:44 /km | 18 km11.2 mi |
| Day | Session | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Mon | Easy 8 km4:42 to 5:38 /km | 8 km5 mi |
| Tue | Threshold: 4 × 2 km2 km easy, then 4 × 2 km in 8:10 each (4:05 /km) with 90 s easy jogging between, 1.5 km easy | 12.3 km7.6 mi |
| Wed | Easy 8 km4:42 to 5:38 /km | 8 km5 mi |
| Thu | Marathon pace 10 km2 km easy, 10 km at marathon pace (4:20 /km), 1 km easy | 13 km8.1 mi |
| Fri | Rest | |
| Sat | Easy 8 km4:42 to 5:38 /km, then 6 × 20 s strides | 8 km5 mi |
| Sun | Long run 27 kmEasy, 4:42 to 5:38 /km | 27 km16.8 mi |
Easy means conversational. If a session feels far too hard, use the paces for your current fitness from the VO2 max calculator and move up as you improve.
Full plan
All 16 weeks, with the paces for this goal
- Every session, week by week, in km and miles (PDF)
- A calendar file set to your race date for Google, Apple or Outlook
- A printable pace band for race day
Race times that match this goal
The same VDOT gives these times at other distances. If you have run close to them recently, the goal is within reach on equal training. For the marathon, treat these as the minimum: the formula assumes training suited to the marathon, including long runs of 30 km or more, and without it the marathon can come out slower than shorter races predict.
| Race | Time | Per mile | Per km |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5K | 18:48 | 6:03 | 3:45 |
| 10K | 38:59 | 6:16 | 3:53 |
| Half marathon | 1:26:16 | 6:34 | 4:05 |
Questions
What pace is a sub-3 marathon?
6:51 per mile or 4:15 per kilometer. Holding exactly 6:51 per mile gets you to the finish in 2:59:36, and 4:15 per km gets you there in 2:59:20.
What is the halfway split for a sub-3 marathon?
1:30:00 at even pace. With a 2% negative split, go through halfway in 1:30:55 and run the second half in 1:29:05.
What treadmill speed is sub-3 marathon pace?
14.1 km/h or 8.7 mph. A 1% incline makes up for the lack of air resistance on a treadmill at this speed (Jones and Doust, 1996).
What 5K time do I need for a sub-3 marathon?
About 18:48 on equal fitness, from the Daniels and Gilbert formula behind Daniels’ VDOT tables. A half marathon of 1:26:16 is the better guide for the marathon.
How do I train for a sub-3 marathon?
Build most of your week from easy running at 4:38 to 5:33 per km, with one threshold session near 4:01 per km and a weekly long run. Run the goal pace itself in shorter sections so it feels familiar on race day.
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Sources
- Daniels J. Daniels’ Running Formula. 4th ed. Human Kinetics; 2022. VDOT tables and training intensities.
- Daniels J, Gilbert J. Oxygen Power: Performance Tables for Distance Runners. 1979.
- Jones AM, Doust JH. A 1% treadmill grade most accurately reflects the energetic cost of outdoor running. Journal of Sports Sciences. 1996;14(4):321-327.
- Bosquet L, Montpetit J, Arvisais D, Mujika I. Effects of tapering on performance: a meta-analysis. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2007;39(8):1358-1365. Basis for the two-week taper.
- World Athletics. Competition Rules and Technical Rules (Book C, C1.1 and C2.1). Technical Rule 19, Timing and Photo Finish: times in races held outside the stadium are recorded to the next longer whole second.